Hirsch, Samson Raphael (1808–1888). Considered to be the father of
Modern (or Neo-) Orthodoxy. He was a staunch opponent of Reform and its
acceptance of biblical criticism. Hirsch advocated certain “external” reforms
dealing with dress, language, and even education, but he was steadfast in his
opposition to halachic change. Although he could not tolerate changes to the
traditional liturgy calling for the reestablishment of a Jewish state, he did
believe that one should demonstrate patriotism toward the country of one’s
citizenship. Hirsch opened the first Jewish day school in 1853 that combined
Jewish and secular studies.
Courtesy: Professor Shai Cherry